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Table 1 Percentage distribution of older adults and those suffering from insomnia based on socioeconomic, demographic, and health related characteristics, India, 2017-18

From: Prevalence and predictors of insomnia and its treatment-seeking among older adults in India

Characteristics

%Distribution

of older adults

% Distribution of older adults suffering from insomnia

χ2 value

Number of older adults

Age group

  

103.85***

 

 60–74

77.3

35.6

 

24,308

 75–116

22.7

40.7

 

7156

Sex

  

266.74***

 

 Male

47.4

32.0

 

14,931

 Female

52.6

41.0

 

16,533

Living arrangement

  

188.52***

 

 Living alone/with distant relatives or non-relatives

11.4

40.6

 

3592

 Living with spouse and children/ with distant relatives or non-relatives

61.0

34.6

 

19,176

 Living with children and with distant relatives or non-relatives

27.6

39.8

 

8696

Education

  

144.24***

 

 Illiterate

68.0

39.6

 

21,381

 Literate

32.0

30.6

 

10,083

Smoking statusa

  

4.09*

 

 Yes

13.7

37.4

 

4297

 No

85.2

34.5

 

26,808

Mass media exposurea

  

85.64***

 

 Yes

45.7

33.7

 

14,393

 No

52.5

39.8

 

16,511

Physical activitya

  

189.56***

 

 No / Light

44.7

41.4

 

14,060

 Moderate

31.1

35.3

 

9782

 Vigorous

23.1

30.6

 

7262

BMIa

  

35.33***

 

 Underweight

23.5

40.3

 

7406

 Normal weight

45.1

35.7

 

14,208

 Obese

19.5

35.5

 

6148

CVDsa, b

  

308.96***

 

 Yes

35.2

42.4

 

11,058

 No

64.3

34.0

 

20,217

Lung Diseasesa, c

  

171.78***

 

 Yes

8.4

47.2

 

2651

 No

91.0

36.0

 

28,627

Bone/joint diseasesa, d

  

378.09***

 

 Yes

19.6

48.1

 

6164

 No

79.8

34.2

 

25,115

Religion

  

70.56***

 

 Hindu

18.0

37.1

 

25,871

 Non-Hindu

80.7

34.8

 

5593

Social-group

  

179.59***

 

 ST

8.1

32.8

 

2556

 SC

18.9

39.2

 

5949

 OBC

45.2

36.7

 

14,231

 Non-SC/ST/OBC

27.8

36.2

 

8728

MPCE Quintile

  

8.25

 

 Poorest

21.7

37.0

 

6829

 Poorer

21.7

36.1

 

6832

 Middle

20.9

36.1

 

6590

 Richer

19.2

36.8

 

6038

 Richest

16.5

38.0

 

5175

Residence

  

33.96***

 

 Rural

70.6

37.8

 

22,196

 Urban

29.4

34.2

 

9268

Regione

  

211.09***

 

 North

12.6

38.2

 

3960

 Central

20.9

37.8

 

6593

 East

23.6

37.2

 

7439

 North East

3.0

32.2

 

935

 West

17.2

36.4

 

5401

 South

22.7

35.3

 

7136

Total

100.00

36.7

 

31,464

  1. Note: Significant at * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
  2. • BMI = Body mass index; CVD = Cardiovascular disease; ST = Scheduled tribe; SC = Scheduled caste; OBC = Other backward classes; MPCE = Monthly per capita consumption expenditure
  3. a Total may not add to “n” due to missing cases
  4. b Cardiovascular diseases include hypertension, heart diseases and stroke (any one or more)
  5. c Lung diseases include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and bronchitis (any one or more)
  6. d Bone/joint diseases include arthritis, rheumatism and osteoporosis (any one or more)
  7. e Region include North (Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand), Central (Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh), East (Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal), North East (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura), West (Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra) and South (Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, Telangana)